A reciprocating pump is a type of positive displacement pump that uses a piston or plunger to move fluid through a cylinder. These pumps are commonly used in various industrial and commercial applications, including oil and gas production, water treatment, and chemical processing. One of the main standards for the design and operation of reciprocating pumps is API 674, which is published by the American Petroleum Institute (API).
API 674 specifies the requirements for reciprocating pumps used in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. It covers both single-acting and double-acting pumps, as well as pumps with a single-acting cylinder and a double-acting piston. The standard covers a wide range of pump types, including plunger pumps, diaphragm pumps, and hydraulic pumps.
One of the main goals of API 674 is to ensure that reciprocating pumps are reliable, efficient, and safe to use. To achieve this, the standard outlines requirements for the design, materials, construction, and testing of reciprocating pumps. It also includes guidelines for the selection, installation, operation, and maintenance of these pumps.
One key aspect of API 674 is the requirement for pumps to be designed and constructed to minimize the risk of leakage. This includes the use of seals, gaskets, and other components that are resistant to wear and corrosion. The standard also requires pumps to be tested for leakage before they are put into service, and to be periodically tested for leakage during their lifespan.
In addition to these requirements, API 674 also includes guidelines for the selection and installation of reciprocating pumps. This includes recommendations for the placement of pumps, as well as the size and type of piping and other auxiliary equipment that should be used. The standard also covers the use of instrumentation and controls, such as pressure gauges and flow meters, to monitor the performance of the pump.
Overall, API 674 is an important standard that helps to ensure the safe and efficient operation of reciprocating pumps in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. By following these guidelines, companies can ensure that their pumps are reliable and compliant with industry standards.